Until the late 19th
century, the area that is now Denver was unsettled. People came and went on
their way to somewhere else, mainly the mountains and nothing permanent was
built in the area.
Then, in 1858, Green Russell
and Sam Bates found gold in Little Dry Creek, now Englewood and the crowds came
flocking. The Pike's Peak Gold Rush began. It’s estimated that within a couple
of years, there were over 100,000 people staying in the area looking for gold.
The same year as
Bates’ and Russell’s find, Montana City was founded on the bank of the South
Platte River. As the search for gold moved on, the city failed and became
merely a small settlement. In the year following, St. Charles and Auraria were
settled, followed by Highland shortly after.
It wasn’t until the
arrival of General William Larimer that things changed. He claimed the area
across the river from St. Charles and coerced the residents to surrender their
claims and move across the river. As the area grew, Larimer renamed it Denver
City after James Denver, the Kansas Governor of the time.
Early Denver was still
mainly made up of miners and supporting businesses. As fears about the city
fading away grew, a large find in the mountains west of the city kept miners in
the area and increased demands to support them, which Denver did.
The young city grew
slowly until 1863, when a fire wiped out most of the central areas. Where many
cities would have picked up and moved on, Denver stayed put. Despite regular
floods and being out of the way, the city rebuilt and grew once more.
The city notables knew
that the city was only guaranteed to survive if the river could be tamed and if
Denver got a railroad. When the railroad hit Cheyenne, a hundred miles to the
north, rather than be disappointed, the residents of Denver cobbled together
the funds to build their own railway to meet it. The Denver Pacific was born.
It was only once the railroad was complete in 1870 that the city could breathe
a sigh of relief. The arrival of the railroad was a lifeline for the city and
ensure its continued survival.
The discovery of
silver in the mountains made Denver’s fortune once more. Buildings were
constructed, businesses created and the city had boom times again. Despite the
failure of the silver mines, the city had enough economic strength to survive
and thrive, which it did.
Since the 20th
century, the city has diversified and built a solid economic and social base
from which to grow and prosper. Mining and manufacturing still provided much of
the employment and riches of the area, but more specialist trades soon joined
them.
The modern city is an
active one that enjoys much freedom, an enviable climate and lush wild lands on
three sides.